OpportunityTitle: Effectiveness of Empiric Antiviral Treatment for Hospitalized Community Acquired Pneumonia during the Influenza Season (U18)
AdditionalInformationOnEligibility: Eligible Institutions  You may submit an application(s) if your organization has any of the following characteristics:   Public nonprofit organizations  Private nonprofit organizations  Universities  Colleges  Research institutions  Hospitals  Community-based organizations  Faith-based organizations  Federally recognized or state-recognized American Indian/Alaska Native tribal governments  American Indian/Alaska Native tribally designated organizations  Alaska Native health corporations  Urban Indian health organizations  Tribal epidemiology centers  State and local governments or their Bona Fide Agents (this includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, the Commonwealth of the Northern Marianna Islands, American Samoa, Guam, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau)  Political subdivisions of States (in consultation with States)  Foreign Institutions  A Bona Fide Agent is an agency/organization identified by the state as eligible to submit an application under the state eligibility in lieu of a state application.  If you are applying as a bona fide agent of a state or local government, you must provide a letter from the state or local government as documentation of your status.  Attach this documentation behind the first page of your application form or for electronic applications, use a PDF file and attach as &#147;Other Documents&#148; and label as appropriate.
Description: Current adult community acquired pneumonia (CAP) treatment guidelines recommend empiric broad-spectrum antibiotics that are effective against common bacterial agents. The initiation of antibiotics does not require laboratory confirmation of a bacterial etiology but is based upon data from published CAP etiology studies. Despite studies that have identified influenza as an important etiological agent of adult hospitalized patients with CAP, especially during peak influenza circulation, anti-influenza antiviral agents are uncommonly used empirically for CAP. In addition, novel influenza A (H1N1) has been documented to cause primary viral pneumonia in a majority of deaths with extensive testing of autopsy specimens. Most clinicians wait for laboratory confirmation of influenza infection before considering antiviral therapy. However, in routine clinical practice, diagnostic testing for influenza is uncommon, commonly used rapid testing methods have low sensitivity, and more sensitive diagnostic assays such as RT-PCR are not readily available. Also, even influenza RT-PCR assays performed on respiratory specimens are not always optimal for the detection of influenza infection and results of testing may take several days, after which the benefit if initiating antivirals goes down since the medications are of greatest benefit the earlier they are initiated after illness onset from influenza. Studies in Thailand have demonstrated that an additional 10-20% of acute influenza cases were identified with serologic assays, in addition to RT-PCR techniques on nasopharyngeal specimens.Thus, the use of empiric antiviral therapy, in addition to empiric antibiotic therapy, may be warranted, especially during a period when influenza viruses are circulating in the community.
GrantorContactEmailDescription: PGOTIM@cdc.gov
GrantorContactText: CDC Procurement and Grants Office &lt;br/&gt;TIMS &lt;br/&gt;Phone 770-488-2700
CloseDateExplanation: Letter of Intent Receipt Date:   March 29, 2010    Application Submission Receipt Date:   May 3, 2010